Stroke crisis – Case spike in younger people, says medic

Barbados is facing a growing stroke crisis, with an alarming spike in cases among the middle-aged population, a medical expert has warned.

Dr Kristyn Kirton, a resident in internal medicine at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, revealed that nearly 700 stroke cases were documented across the island in 2021 alone. “To put it into perspective, 700 cases might not sound massive in global terms, but for a small island nation like ours, it’s significant,” she told Barbados TODAY.
The statistics indicate that most strokes are caused by brain attacks, known as ischemic strokes, specifically blood clots in the brain, which aligns with global trends. Only about 10 per cent of the cases were attributed to brain haemorrhages. “This data is consistent with what we see worldwide, where ischemic strokes are more prevalent than hemorrhagic strokes,” Dr Kirton said.
She was speaking on the sidelines of a Barbados Physical Therapy Association Symposium on Strokes, at the Horatio Cooke Auditorium of the National Union of Public Workers on Dalkeith, aimed at educating the public on stroke prevention, management and rehabilitation.
Kirton noted that there had been a shift in the demographic affected by strokes. Traditionally seen as a disease of the elderly, strokes are now affecting younger populations.

She said: “When you were growing up, you’d hear about strokes affecting your grandparents. But now, we’re seeing 50-year-olds, 52-year-olds, even people in their late 50s. This is still relatively young, and these individuals are often still active in the workforce. This shift is alarming because it impacts not only health but also productivity and quality of life”.
The implications of this demographic shift are profound, especially with the retirement age being extended.  She pointed to the loss of productive years due to stroke as a significant economic and social issue.
“These are precious years that could have been spent contributing to the economy and supporting families. Now, due to stroke, many of these individuals are unable to work, which has a ripple effect on society,” Dr Kirton emphasised.
Comparing the situation in Barbados to the United States, she noted: “In the U.S., statistics show that someone suffers a stroke every 40 seconds. This highlights the global relevance of the issue and underscores the importance of taking action to mitigate stroke risk”.
Despite the lack of more recent data, the 2021 figures show a troubling reality, the medical practitioner suggested. “We see nearly equal numbers of men and women affected by strokes, which is somewhat unusual as certain populations might show a gender bias. This parity indicates that stroke is a widespread issue across our population”.
Adding to the concern is the fact that other non-communicable diseases, such as heart and kidney diseases, also plague the population. “We haven’t even touched on these other diseases yet, which further complicates the health landscape in Barbados,” Dr Kirton said.
She also shared her experiences with patients who, despite being at high risk for stroke, often display a lack of concern for their health. “When working with patients, especially those with diabetes, there’s often a sense of invincibility. They think: ‘My blood sugar is just a little high, or my blood pressure is slightly elevated; nothing will happen to me.’ It’s a dangerous mindset. Many of these patients end up experiencing a stroke, often on what could be the worst day of their lives.”
Dr Kirton also noted a worrying trend among middle-aged patients who, despite being aware of their hypertension, fail to take prescribed medications. “This is a recurring pattern I’m seeing more frequently. These individuals know they have high blood pressure and have been prescribed medication, yet they aren’t taking it. This neglect could lead to severe consequences,” Dr Kirton warned.  “High blood pressure, for example, is often symptomless until it reaches a critical point. Without symptoms, many people don’t feel the urgency to act. It’s not until they experience severe consequences, like headaches or blurred vision, that they seek medical help and start taking their health seriously.”